A - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Albinus, Lars (2006) Dangerous Ideas: the Spell of Breaking the Spell. [criticism]
  
• Alvarez, Mark (2010) Know Your Meme? From Pseudo-Science to Viral Lulz. [criticism]
  
• Amundson, Ronald (1989) The trials and tribulations of selectionist explanations. In K. Hahlweg & C. A. Hooker (Eds.), Issues in evolutionary epistemology (pp. 413-432). Albany: State University of New York Press. [criticism]
  
• Anees, Munawar A. (2005) Memetic Evolution: An Apology for Monocultural Reductionism? Cultural Evolution | Center for Human Evolution Proceedings of Workshop 4. [criticism]
  
• Atran, Scott (2001) The trouble with memes: Inference versus imitation in cultural creation. Human Nature 12: 351-381. [criticism]
  
• Atran, Scott (2004a) In gods we trust: the evolutionary landscape of religion. [criticism]
  
• Atran, Scott and Norenzayan, Ara (2004b) Religion’s evolutionary landscape: Counterintuition, commitment, compassion, communion. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2004) 27, 713–770. [criticism]
  
• Aunger, Robert (2005a) What’s the Matter with Memes? [criticism]
  

B - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Barbrook, Richard & Lynch, Aaron (1996) Memes: Self-Replicants or Mysticism? Wired A debate. [criticism]
  
• Barbrook, Richard (1997) Cyberbollocks: trashing memetics and the cyborg cult. [criticism]
  
• Barbrook, Richard (1997) Never Mind the Cyberbollocks... critique of the memes concept. [criticism]
  
• Barbrook, Richard (1997) Memesis Critique. [criticism]
  
• Barbrook, Richard (1997) The Fallacies of Memetics. [criticism]
  
• Bateman, Chris (2005) The Trouble with Memes. [blog][criticism]
  
• Benitez-Bribiesca, L (2001) Memetics: a dangerous idea. Interciencia. [criticism]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2002) Colorless Green Homunculi. A review of The Electric Meme: A New Theory of How We Think by Robert Aunger. [criticism]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2010) Cultural Evolution 1: How “Thick” is Culture? [criticism][blog]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2010) Cultural Evolution 2: A Phenomenological Gut Check on Gene-Culture Coevolution. [criticism][blog]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2010) Cultural Evolution 3: Performances and Memes. [criticism][blog]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2010) Where are memes? [criticism][blog]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2010) Memetic Sophistry. [criticism][blog]
  
• Benzon, William L. (2011) Q: Why is the Dawkins Meme Idea so Popular? [criticism][blog]
  
• Blackburn, Simon (2008) Thinking animal. [criticism]
  
• Blackmore, Susan, J., Malik, Kenan and Tallis, Raymond (2004) The Great Debate: Genes, Memes, Minds. The RSA. [criticism]
  
• Taffel, Sy (2011) Media Ecology, Memetics and the Evolution of Ideas. [criticism][blog]
  
• Bloch, Maurice (2000) A well-disposed anthropologist's problems with memes. In: Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as a science, ed. R. Aunger, Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. [criticism]
  
• Bloch, Maurice (2005) Essays on Cultural Transmission. (London School of Economics Monographs on Social Anthropology) [book][criticism]
  
• Boone, James L. and Eric Alden Smith (1998) Is It Evolution Yet? A Critique of Evolutionary Archaeology. Current Anthropology. Vol. 39, No. S1, Special Issue The Neanderthal Problem and the Evolution of Human Behavior (June 1998), pp. S141-S174. [criticism]
  
• Bradie, Michael. (2000) Do memes make sense? No. Free Inquiry, Summer 2000. [criticism]
  
• Bradie, Michael. (2003) The ‘new science of memetics’: The case against. Think, 2: 27-30. [criticism]
  
• Bradie, Michael and Harms, William (2008) Evolutionary Epistemology Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy [criticism]
  
• Briggs, William M. (2011) Why Memes Are Stupid: The Short Version [criticism][blog]
  
• Brown, Andrew (1999) The Darwin wars: the scientific battle for the soul of man. [book][criticism]
  
• Brown, Andrew (2009) Serious objections to memes. [criticism]
  
• Brown, Andrew (2011) Aping Mankind by Raymond Tallis – review. [criticism]
  
• Bruggemann, Haley (2005) Memes and Individuality. [criticism]
  
• Bryant, J.M. (2004) An evolutionary social science? A skeptic’s brief, theoretical and substantive. Philosophy of the Social Sciences 34 (4), 451-92. [criticism]
  
• Burman, Jeremy Trevelyan (2012) The misunderstanding of memes: Biography of an unscientific object, 1976–1999. [criticism]
  

C - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Carroll, Joseph (2011) Reading Human Nature: Literary Darwinism in Theory and Practice. [book][criticism]
  
• Claidière, Nicolas and Sperber, Dan (2007) Defining and explaining culture (comments on Richerson and Boyd, Not by genes alone). Biology and Philosophy 2008 23(2): 283-292. [criticism]
  
• Clendaniel, Allen Frank (2000) The theory of memetics: a critical analysis. [book][criticism].
  
• Corning, Peter A. (2007) The Invasion of the Memes - Is It Science Fiction? [criticism]
  
• Cowan, Mark (2001) In Search of the Golden Meme - Is the meme a useful concept or an over-applied analogy? [criticism]
  
• Coyne, Jerry A. (1999) The self-centred meme. Review of The Meme Machine by Susan Blackmore. Nature 398, 767-768 (29 April) [criticism]
  

D - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Daly, Martin (1998) Some Caveats about Cultural Transmission Models. Human Ecology 10 (1982), 402–404. [criticism]
  
• Davies, Paul (2004) Undermining Free Will. [criticism]
  
• Deacon, Terrence W. (1997) The Symbolic Species: The Co-evolution of Language and the Human Brain. London, Penguin. [book][criticism]
  
• Deacon, Terrence W. (1999) Memes as Signs. The trouble with memes (and what to do about it). [criticism]
  
• Deacon, Terrence W. (2003) Memes as Signs in the Dynamic Logic of Semiosis: Molecular Science meets Computation Theory. [criticism]
  
• Dibdin, Michael (2006) Why I've lost faith in Richard Dawkins. [criticism]
  
• Donald, Merlin (1998) Hominid enculturation and cognitive evolution. In Cognition and material culture : the archaeology of symbolic storage. [criticism]
  
• Downey , Greg (2008) We hate memes, pass it on… [criticism]
  
• Downey , Greg (2008) Brain-culture, memes, and choosing examples. [criticism]
  

E - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Edmonds, Bruce (2005) The revealed poverty of the gene-meme analogy - why memetics per se has failed to produce substantive results. Journal of Memetics - Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission, 9. [criticism]
  
• Ehrlich, Paul and Feldman, Marcus (2003) Genes and Cultures: What Creates Our Behavioral Phenome? Current Anthropology, Vol 44(1), Feb 2003, 87-107.[criticism]
  

F - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Flinn, Mark V. and Alexander, R. D. (1982) Culture theory: The developing synthesis from biology. Human Ecology, Vol. 10, No. 3, Biology and Culture (Sep.), pp. 383-400. [criticism]
  
• Fracchia, Joseph and Lewontin, R. C. (1999) Does Culture Evolve? History and Theory, Vol. 38, No. 4, Theme Issue 38: The Return of Science: Evolutionary Ideas and History, pp. 52-78. [criticism]
  
• Fracchia, Joseph and Lewontin, R. C. (1999) The price of metaphor. History and theory (Weleyan University) 44 (44): 14–29. [criticism]
  

G - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Gabora, Liane M. (2010a) Why blind-variation and selective-retention is an inappropriate explanatory framework for creativity [criticism]
  
• Gabora, Liane M. (2011a) An analysis of the Blind Variation and Selective Retention (BVSR) theory of creativity. Creativity Research Journal. [criticism]
  
• Gabora, Liane M. (2011b) Five clarifications about cultural evolution. Journal of Cognition and Culture. [criticism]
  
• Gabora, Liane M. (2011c) How a Generation Was Misled About Natural Selection. [criticism]
  
• Gabora, Liane M., Leijnen, S. & Ghyczy, T. (2011c) The relationship bewteen creativity, imitation, and cultural diversity. International Journal of Software and Informatics. [criticism]
  
• Gardner, Martin (2000) Kilroy was here. A review of The Meme Machine by Susan J. Blackmore. Los Angeles Times, March 5. [criticism]
  
• Gare, Arran (2012) Darwinian Creativity and Memetics (review). [criticism]
  
• Gil-White, Francisco J., (2006) Common misunderstandings of memes (and genes) The promise and the limits of the genetic analogy to cultural transmission processes. [criticism]
  
• Gil-White, Francisco J., (2006) Let the Meme be (a Meme): Insisting too much on the Genetic Analogy will Turn it into a Straightjacket. [criticism]
  
• Goodman, Kevin (2011) Book Review of Darwinian Sociocultural Evolution: Solutions to Dilemmas in Cultural and Social Theory [criticism]
  
• Gould, Stephen Jay (1994) Evolution: The Pleasures of Pluralism. Scientific American , 271, October, 4. pp. 84-91. [criticism]
  
• Gould, Stephen Jay (1999) Leonardo's Mountain of Clams and the Diet of Worms: Essays on Natural History. [criticism]
  
• Gray, John (2008) The atheist delusion [criticism]
  

H - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Hallpike, C. R. (1986) The principles of social evolution. Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K. [book][criticism]
  
• Hallpike, C. R. (2004) Memetics: a Darwinian pseudo-science. [criticism]
  
• Hallpike, C. R. (2011) On Primitive Society: And Other Forbidden Topics. [book][criticism]
  
• Harms, William F. (2004) Information and Meaning in Evolutionary Processes. [criticism]
  
• Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert (2002) On modeling cognition and culture: Why replicators are not necessary for cultural evolution. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 2, 87'112. [criticism]
  
• Henrich, Joseph and Boyd, Robert (2002) On modeling cognition and culture: Why replicators are not necessary for cultural evolution. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 2, 87'112. [criticism]
  
• Henrich, Joseph and McElreath, Richard (2003a) The evolution of cultural evolution. Evolutionary Anthropology 12:123'135. [criticism]
  
• Howlett, Peter and Morgan, Mary (...) MEMES - What Happens If You Say "Meme"?. [criticism]
  
• Hünneman, Ronald (2010) On the Senselessness of Memes & How They Might Make Sense as Replicators [criticism]
  

I - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

J - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Jablonka, Eva, Lamb, Marion J. (2005) Evolution in Four Dimensions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [book][criticism]
  
• Jahoda, Gustav (2002) The ghosts in the meme machine. [criticism]
  
• Jones, Michael Stanley (2011) Memetics – a biological assault on the cultural. [criticism]
  

K - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Kilpinen, Erkki (2006) Memetics: A Critique On the use of meaning concepts about nature and culture. [criticism]
  
• King, Mike (2011) Richard Dawkins and Memes - Can the Man Be Serious or Is He Pulling Our Leg?. [criticism]
  
• Klepper, Howard (2000) Review of The Meme Machine by Susan Blackmore. [criticism]
  
• Kronfeldner, Maria E. (2007) Darwinism, Memes, and Creativity: A Critique of Darwinian Analogical Reasoning from Nature to Culture. University Regensburg. [criticism]
  
• Kronfeldner, Maria E. (2007) Is cultural evolution Lamarckian? [criticism]
  
• Kronfeldner, Maria E. (2009) Darwinian 'Blind' Hypothesis Formation Revisited. [criticism]
  
• Kronfeldner, Maria E. (2011) Darwinian Creativity and Memetics. Acumen Research Edition. [criticism]
  
• Krythia, Gillian and Crozier, Dawn (2011) A critical examination of cultural evolution: natural selection in bird songs. Acumen Research Edition. [criticism][book]
  
• Kull, Kalevi (2000) Copy versus translate, meme versus sign: development of biological textuality. European Journal for Semiotic Studies 12(1), 101–120.[criticism]
  
• Kuper, A. (2000) If memes are the answer, what is the question? p. 175-188 in R. Aunger, ed. Darwinizing culture. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, U.K. [criticism]
  
• Kuper, A. (2006) Meme Wars Part 1 [criticism]
  

L - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Lake, Mark W., Renfrew, Colin, and Scarre, Christopher (1998) Digging for memes: the role of material objects in cultural evolution. In Cognition and material culture : the archaeology of symbolic storage. [criticism]
  
• Laland, Kevin N. and Odling-Smee J. (2000b) The evolution of the meme. In: Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as a science, ed. R. Aunger, Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. [criticism]
  
• Lanier, Jaron (2004) Vaulting into a Rapturous techno-future with Jaron Lanier [criticism]
  
• Lanier, Jaron (1997) The Value of Memes: A Powerful Paradigm or a Poor Metaphor? The Edge. [criticism]
  
• Lanier, Jaron and Dawkins, Richard (1997) Evolution: The Dissent Of Darwin; A debate Psychology Today, Jan-Feb. [criticism]
  
• Lanier, Jaron (1999) Jaron Lanier on The Evolution of Culture by Daniel C. Dennett The Edge. [criticism]
  
• Lende, D. (2009) Engaging & Dispatching Memetics. [criticism]
  
• Lende, D. (2010) People, Not Memes, Are the Medium! [criticism]
  
• Lewens, Tim (2007) Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy section of cultural evolution. [criticism]
  
• Lissack, Michael R. (2004) The Redefinition of Memes: Ascribing Meaning to an Empty Cliche. Journal of Memetics - Evolutionary Models of Information Transmission, 3. [criticism]
  

M - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Malik, Kenan (2001) Man, Beast and Zombie: The New Science of Human Nature. Phoenix; New edition edition [book][criticism]
  
• Malik, Kenan (2006) What science can and cannot tell us about human nature. In human nature: fact and fiction (continuum) [criticism]
  
• Marks, Jonathan (2000) Can a holistic anthropology inform a reductive genetics? Paper presented at the 99th Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association [criticism]
  
• Marks, Jonathan (2002) Review of: Darwinizing Culture: The Status of Memetics as a Science. American Anthropologist [criticism]
  
• Marks, Jonathan (2004) What, if anything, is a Darwinian anthropology? [criticism]
  
• Marks, Jonathan (2005) The meme shows. Review of Coevolution: Genes, culture, and human diversity. [criticism]
  
• Marks, Jonathan (2012) Recent Advances in Culturomics. [criticism]
  
• Maynard Smith, John (1986) Natural Selection of Culture? A review of Culture and the Evolutionary Process. New York Review of Books. November 6. [criticism]
  
• Maynard Smith, John (1988) Did Darwin get it right : essays on games, sex, and evolution. [criticism]
  
• Mayr, Ernst (1997) The objects of?selection. PNAS March 18, 1997 vol. 94 no. 6 2091-2094. [criticism]
  
• McGrath, Alister (2004) Dawkins' God: Genes, Memes, and the Meaning of Life. [criticism][book]
  
• McGrath, Alister (2006) The Spell of the Meme. [criticism]
  
• McGrath, Alister and McGrath, Joanna Collicutt (2007) The Dawkins Delusion?: Atheist Fundamentalism and the Denial of the Divine. [criticism][book]
  
• McGrath, Alister (2011) Darwinism and the Divine: Evolutionary Thought and Natural Theology. [criticism][book]
  
• Merel, Peter (1999) Why I am not a Memeticist. [criticism]
  
• Midgley, Mary (1979) Gene-Juggling. Philosophy 54 (210):439 - 458. [criticism]
  
• Midgley, Mary (1998) Biological and Cultural Evolution. Monograph for The Institute for Cultural Research. [criticism][book]
  
• Midgley, Mary (1999) Of Memes and Witchcraft. [criticism]
  
• Midgley, Mary (2004) The Myths We Live By. [book][criticism]
  
• Miller, Geoffrey F. (2000) Memetic Evolution and Human Culture. (a review of The Meme Machine. preprint available here [criticism].
  
• Miller, Tristan (2010) Meme skepticism. [criticism]
  
• Moe, Christian (2002) Middle-Eastern memes. [criticism][paywall]
  
• Mondschein, Kenneth (2003) Criticism Of Memetic Theory. [criticism]
  

N - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

O - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Orr, H. Allen (1996) Dennett's Strange Idea - Natural Selection: Science of Everything, Universal Acid, Cure for the Common Cold... - a review of Darwin's Dangerous Idea. Boston Review. [criticism]
  
• Orr, H. Allen (1996) Resonse to Dennett's response to my review of Darwin's Dangerous Idea. Boston Review. [criticism]
  
• Orye, Lieve (1992) The poverty of selectionism: a critical assessment of Darwin's legacy for the study of religion. [criticism]
  

P - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Phillippi, David (2010) Evolutionary Psychology: A stone-age mindset. [criticism]
  
• Phillippi, David (2011) By Any 'Memes' Necessary: Dennett's Distortion of Culture. [criticism]
  
• Pigliucci, Massimo (2007) The trouble with memetics. Skeptical Inquirer, Volume 32, No.2, March/April 2008, pp 65.[scanned PDF][criticism]
  
• Pigliucci, Massimo (2009) Memes, Selfish Genes And Darwinian Paranoia. [criticism]
  
• Pigliucci, Massimo (2009) Review of "Darwinian Populations and Natural Selection". [criticism]
  
• Pigliucci, Massimo (2011) When Science Studies Religion: Six Philosophy Lessons for Science Classes. [criticism]
  
• Pinker, Steven (1997) How the Mind Works. W. W. Norton, New York. [book][criticism]
  
• Pinker, Steven (2009) Objections to memetics. [criticism]
  
• Plotkin, Henry C. (2000a) People Do More Than Imitate. Scientific American. [criticism]
  
• Plotkin, Henry C. (2000b) Culture and psychological mechanisms. In: Darwinizing culture. [criticism]
  
• Polichak, James W. (1998) Memes-what Are They Good For?: a Critique of Memetic Approaches to Information Processing Skeptic, Vol 6, No. 3. [criticism]
  
• Polichak, James W. (2002) Memes as Pseudoscience. In Michael Shermer, Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience. p.664 [criticism]
  
• Poulshock, J. (2002) The Problem And Potential Of Memetics. Journal of Psychology and Theology, Vol. 30, 2002. [criticism]
  

Q - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

R - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Richerson, Peter J. and Boyd, Robert, (2000b) Memes: Universal Acid or Better Mouse Trap , Boyd, Robert and Richerson PJ. In: Darwinizing Culture: The Status of Memetics as a Science, R. Aunger ed. pp.143'162, Oxford University Press, Oxford. [criticism]
  
• Richerson, Peter J. and Boyd, Robert (2000e) Meme theory oversimplifies how culture changes. Scientific American, 283:4, 70-71. [criticism]
  
• Richerson, Peter J. and Boyd, Robert (2005a) Not by Genes Alone: How Culture Transformed Human Evolution. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL. [book][criticism]
  
• Richerson, Peter J., Boyd, Robert and Henrich, J, (2008) Five misunderstandings about  cultural evolution Human Nature 19: 119-137. [criticism]
  
• Richerson, Peter J. (2010f) Culture Is an ACTIVE Part of Biology. SYMPOSIUM ON THE QUESTION "HOW IS CULTURE BIOLOGICAL?" ~ Six Essays and Discussions: Essay # 4. [criticism]
  
• Ridley, Mark (1993) Evolution. [book][criticism]
  
• Rosenfeldter, Mark (2001) The new pseudoscience of memes. A review of Thought Contagion by Aaron Lynch. [criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (1999) Is Evolution a Secular Religion? [criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (1989) The view from Somewhere - A critical defense of Evolutionary Epistemology. In Issues in Evolutionary Epistemology.[criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (2006) Remarkable exchange between Michael Ruse and Daniel Dennett. [criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (2008) Charles Darwin. [book][criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (2010) Cultural Evolution. [criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (2012) The Philosophy of Human Evolution. [criticism]
  
• Ruse, Michael (...) Meme [criticism]
  
• Runciman, W.G. (1999) Darwinian Soup. Vol. 21 No. 12. 10 June pages 25-26. Review of The Meme Machine by Susan Blackmore. [criticism]
  

S - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Schmid, Hans Bernhard (2004) Evolution by Imitation - Gabriel Tarde and the Limits of Memetics [criticism]
  
• Schoen, Christopher (2009) Baldwin revisited [blog][criticism]
  
• Signorelli, Mark Anthony (2010) Taking Memes Seriously [criticism]
  
• Signorelli, Mark Anthony (2011) Aping Mankind - a review by Mark Anthony Signorelli. [criticism]
  
• Sperber, Dan (1998) Are Folk Taxonomies 'Memes'? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (4):589-590. [criticism]
  
• Sperber, Dan (2000) Why memes won't do. An objection to the memetic approach to culture. In: Darwinizing culture: The status of memetics as a science, ed. R. Aunger, Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, p. 163'174. [criticism]
  
• Sperber, Dan (2011) Cultural Attractors. [criticism]
  
• St.Atmant, E. A. (2005) Mental DNA and the Ascent of Homo Sapiens (No memetic code). [blog][criticism]
  
• Sterelny, Kim, and Griffiths, P. (1999) Sex and Death: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [criticism][book]
  
• Sterelny, Kim (2006a) The Evolution and Evolvability of Culture. [criticism]
  
• Sterelny, Kim (2006b) Memes Revisited. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 57. 145'165. [criticism]
  
• Sterelny, Kim (2007) The Evolution and Evolvability of Culture. [criticism]
  
• Stove, David C. (1996) Darwinian Fairytales. Ashgate Publishing. [book][criticism]
  
• Stove, David C. (1996) Genetic Calvinism, or Demons and Dawkins. [criticism]
  

T - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Tallis, Raymond (2008) Darwin without Darwinitis. [criticism]
  
• Tallis, Raymond (2009a) Just A Little Tune I Found In My Mouth. [criticism]
  
• Tallis, Raymond (2009b) Undiscovered. [criticism]
  
• Tallis, Raymond (2010) Does Evolution Explain Our Behaviour? [criticism]
  
• Tallis, Raymond (2011) Aping Mankind: Neuromania, Darwinitis and the Misrepresentation of Humanity. [book][criticism]
  
• Taylor, Timothy (2010) The Artificial Ape: How Technology Changed the Course of Human Evolution. [criticism]
  
• Taylor, Timothy (2012) The Problem of ‘Darwinizing’ Culture (or Memes as the New Phlogiston). [criticism]
  
• Temkin, Ilya and Eldredge, Niles (2007) Phylogenetics and Material Cultural Evolution. Current Anthropology, 48(1), 146-153. [criticism]
  
• Tkachuk, J. L.. (2011) A Red Herring of Memetics [criticism][blog]
  
• Tkachuk, J. L.. (2011) Fashionable Nonsense Pt 1: Memes [criticism][blog]
  
• Thagard, P. (1980) Against evolutionary epistomology. PSA - ed. P.D. Asquith & R.N. Giere 187-96. [criticism]
  
• Thorpe, W. H. (1963) Ethology and the coding problem in germ cell and brain. [criticism]
  

U - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

V - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

W - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Walter, Alex (1997) The trouble with memes: deconstructing Dawkins's monster An Essay Review of The Selfish Meme: A Critical Reappraisal by Kate Distin and Not by Genes Alone: How Culture Transformed Human Evolution by Peter J. Richerson and Robert Boyd. Biology and social life: book review [criticism]
  
• Wilkins, John S. (2000) Jacob’s Ladder and Darwin’s Tree. [criticism]
  
• Wilkins, John S. (2009) Dreams of memes and replicator machines. [blog][criticism]
  
• Wilson, David S. (2007) What Do Selfish Genes, and Memes, Really Mean? [blog][criticism]
  
• Wilson, David S. (2007) Beyond Demonic Memes - Why Richard Dawkins is Wrong About Religion [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C (1981) Units of Selection and the Structure of the Multi-Level Genome. In P. D. Asquith and R. N. Giere (eds), Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, 2, Bloomsburg, PA: Philosophy of Science Association, pp. 122–83. [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C (1981) Developmental Reductionistic Research Strategies and Their Biases in the Units of Selection Controversy. In T. Nickles (ed.), Scientific Discovery.Vol. II, Case Studies, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 60, Boston: Reidel, pp. 213–59. [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C (1986) Developmental Constraints, Generative Entrenchment, and the Innate-Acquired Distinction. In P. Betchel (ed.), Integrating Scientific Disciplines, Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, pp. 185–208.[criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C (1999) Genes, Memes, and Cultural Inheritance, invited contribution for April 1999 Biology and Philosophy special issue on influence of R. C. Lewontin. 279-310. Contains “In the Laboratory of a Natural Philosopher (Richard Lewontin)”, 303-310. [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C. (2006a) Generative Entrenchment and an Evolutionary Developmental Biology for Culture, invited commentary on Mesoudi, Whiten and Laland, Towards a Unified Science of Cultural Evolution. Brain and Behavioral Sciences, 29: 364-366. [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C. (2006b) Reproducing Generative entrenchment and an evolutionary developmental biology for culture. [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C., and James R. Griesemer. (2007) Reproducing Entrenchments to Scaffold Culture: The Central Role of Development in Cultural Evolution. In Integrating Evolution and Development: From Theory to Practice, edited by R. Sansom and R. Brandon. Cambridge: MIT Press: 227-323. [criticism]
  
• Wimsatt, William C. (2010) Memetics does not provide a useful way of understanding cultural evolution: A developmental perspective. In Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Biology, Ed. Francisco Ayala and Robert Arp, Chichester, Wiley-Blackwell, 255-72. [criticism]
  

X - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

Y - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]

• Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2005) World's Most Important Math Problem. Future Salon. [criticism]
  
• Yudkowsky, Eliezer (2007) No Evolutions for Corporations or Nanodevices. Less Wrong. [criticism]
  

Z - [ A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z ]